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Olmstead Place WA11
It's hard to imagine, but you are about to enter a fertile valley. Named for the Indians who lived here from time immemorial, the Kittitas Valley was the destination of many American settlers who came to the Washington Territory in the 1860s. Rich, natural grasslands attracted Americans. who built farms and ranches. Among the pioneer families were the Olmsteads from Illinois. Samuel, Sarah, and their three children rode on horseback over Snoqualmie Pass and into the sparsely settled valley in 1875. They built a log cabin next to Altapes Creek and began the farm that would support the family for a century. The arrival of the railroad in the 1880s meant connections to more distant markets. In response to this new opportunity, the Olmsteads switched to dairy farming. In 1968, the Olmstead descendants donated the farm to the state. Today, Olmstead Place State Park, with its numerous buildings and pieces of horse-drawn farm equipment, illustrates an earlier way of life on the thousands of family farms east of the Cascades.
Old Folks Home FL463
In 1925, twelve years after becoming a county, the Seminole County Board of Commissioners approved the purchase of 82 acres of land for $9,020.00 to establish both a County Home for Old Folds and a camp/stockade building for convicts. In 1926 the Board accepted a bid of $33,306.00 to construct "separate quarters and dining rooms for both white and colored residents." These were homes for people in need and with no one to care for them. Each resident had a private room. They shared in the chores and activities providing a family atmosphere. With a large orange grove, vegetable garden, chicken, dairy cows and pigs, the Home was almost self-sufficient. This "farm home" atmosphere lent itself to another colloquial name for the County Home, "the poor farm." In 1940 and infirmary was established in the building originally built for the "colored residents." This infirmary stands due west of the Museum. Another building (no longer standing) was added nearly to house black residents. Miss Rachel Lee, a black nurse from Mississippi was in charge of the infirmary. She stayed until 1964 when the Home closed. Records indicate this is the only County old folks home still standing in Florida. This building served as the County Agricultural Center with offices for not only the County Agricultural and Home Economics Agents, but also the County Agricultural Conservation Service Office Manager, the State Plant Board Inspector and the USDA Fruit Fly Inspector from 1965 until a new Agricultural Center was constructed in 1980. In 1983 the County Commission approved the establishment of the Museum of Seminole County History in the recently vacated building.
Wisconsin's Dairy Industry WI263
The growth of the dairy industry in Wisconsin is a story of remarkable transfer of scientific knowledge to practical use. As dairy farming developed, Wisconsin's agriculture underwent transformation in less than 50 years. Proposed as an alternative to wheat farming as early as the 1850s, dairying was common in southeastern and south central Wisconsin by the early 1860s. Farmers in other regions soon adopted diversified dairy, farming, and enterprise favored by the state's geography. At first the "general purpose cow" provided milk, meat, and motive power, but milk production increased dramatically when farmers accepted the concept of the single purpose dairy cow and applied scientific methods to feeding, management, and selective breeding. Most milk was made into cheese and butter, which at first were made on the farm. In the 1870s, however, factories began dominating the cheese industry, and in the 1890s, the butter industry. Wisconsin had 245,000 dairy cows by 1867 and more than 2,000,000 by 1925. By 1907, Wisconsin, 13th largest state, produced nearly half the cheese and a tenth of the butter in the nation.
Wisconsin's First Nuclear-Fueled Electric Generating Plant WI223
Dairyland Power Cooperative in April of 1961 was designated by the Joint Congressional Atomic Energy Commission as eligible to construct and operate a nuclear-fueled electric powner plant as a research and development pilot installation. On June 8, 1962, the Atomic Energy Commission entered into a contract with the Allis-Chalmers Company of Milwaukee for the fabrication of a 50-megawatt facility, now identified as the La Crosse Boiling Water Reactor (LACBWR), and with Dairyland Power Cooperative for its eventual operation. Construction began in May of 1963. On July 11, 1967, at 7:39 in the evening, the reactor achieved its first self-sustaining chain reaction, which ushered Wisconsin into the nuclear age. Operation at full power level was attained on August 1, 1969. After several modifications and numerous tests, it was declared operational for commercial use on February 1, 1971, with a firm capacity of 50 megawatts. Dairyland Power Cooperative acquired full ownership of this nuclear-fueled electric generating facility by its purchase from the Atomic Energy Commission in August of 1973.
Texas County Missouri MO143
Texas County, largest county in Missouri, is 998.06 Square miles of Ozark Highland. Rugged hills, springs, creeks, rivers and caves abound. The area was part of the 1808 Osage Indian Land cession. Though named for the second largest of the fifty states, it exceeds the smallest Rhode Island. Formally organized on February 14, 1845, it was named for the Republic of Texas. The county seat of Justice was laid out in 1846 near the center of the county and named Houston for the first president of the Texas Republic. The Civil War period was a time of turmoil in Texas County. The populace was predominantly southern. The courthouse was occupied during the war by the Union Army. Houston was an important place on the route between federal headquarters in Springfield and Rolla. Some skirmishes were fought here. Confederate soldiers stormed the town, burning every building. Before the courthouse burned, the county records were taken to a cave on Arthurs Creek. All the books were safely returned after the conflict. Pioneers came to Texas County in the 18020's from Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee and the Carolinas. Some setting up sawmills along the Big Liney River. The timber industry has always played a very vital part in the economy of the county. In the northern part of the county some 48,000 acres are now part of Mark Twain National Forest, also several acres in the southeast part of county are part of the Ozark National Scenic Riverways Park. They homesteaded the fertile valleys and soon log cabins dotted the county. Small family farms are still a major part of the landscape. The first Federal Census of Texas County in 1850 was 2,312 citizens. The pioneer raised his own provisions and with his trusty gun he could shoot various wild game. He hunted, trapped and sold furs to traveling buyers. Livestock was limited. In the early 1900's farmers grew small crops, a few cattle, hogs, etc. It is now beef and dairy county with some feeder pig production. Early social activities centered around church and school. Community activities included old time hoedowns, candy pullings, corn huskings, barn warmings, quilting bees, and log rolling. Arts and crafts continue to enter into lives of many. People still gather for church activities, auctions, musicals, square dancing and sports of all kinds. Like the early pioneers, fishing and floating our rivers are very much a part of living in our county. Hunting is enjoyed by many and the county is one of the leading counties statewide for deer and turkey. Small game is abundant. Education has always been very important to county residents. The rural one room school houses have vanished. Students are transported to one of the ten school districts serving the county. College courses are offered in our communities. Incorporated communities are the Cities of Cabool, Houston, and Licking, parts of the Cities of Summersville, and Mountain Grove, and the Village of Raymondsville. The 1990 Federal Census of Texas County was 21,476 citizens. Texas County with it's moderate climate has become a place many people come to retire. Its rural environment, fine education systems, good churchs, great hunting and fishing, community spirit, businesses, industry, and the beauty of the area make this a desirable place to live. Texas County people are a different breed, the most friendly and caring people in God's universe.
Texas County MO142
Largest of Missouri's 114 counties, Texas comprises 1,183 sq. miles of Ozark Highland. With the same name as the largest of the 48 states, it exceeds the smallest, Rhode Island, by 125 sq. land miles. When formed in 1843, it was named for the explorer, fur trader, and first Lt. Gov. of Mo. William H. Ashley, but when formally organized, 1845, it was renamed for the Republic of Texas. A seat of justice for the county was laid out in 1846 near the center of the county on Brushy Creek and named Houston for the first president of the Texas Republic. In the Civil War, the county was ravished by guerrilla warfare and the town was destroyed. Houston's modern development has been as trading center for a dairying, poultry, and livestock farming and lumbering area. The courthouse, built 1932, is the county's sixth. Rugged hills, springs, and caves abound in Texas County. In the early 1800's William H. Ashley leached saltpeter from bat guano in a cave to the northeast for use in making gunpowder in his factory at Potosi. In 1818, explorer H.R. Schoolcraft visited the cave and named the area Wall-cave Valley. Pioneers came to the Texas County area in the 1820's from Va., Ky., and Tenn., and set up saw mills along Big Piney River. Part of the county is now Mark Twain National Forest. Roamed by Indians into the 1830's, the area was part of the 1808 Osage Indian land cession. Indian paintings remain upon White Rock Bluffs over an ancient campsite. In north Texas County is Licking, platted in 1857, and named for a deer and buffalo lick. There was Licking Academy, a noted early school, founded in 1880's. Congressman J.R. Lamar was academy principal in 1889. South is Cabool, laid out 1882, on the route of the Springfield & Memphis (Frisco) R.R., only town in the county on a railroad. Pioneer educator of the Ozarks, William H. Lynch (1839-1924) was born near Houston. Davis H. Waite later governor of Colorado, taught school in Houston, 1859-60, and John T. White, Mo. Supreme Court Justice in the 1920's, taught here in 1878-79. Confederate Gen. James H. McBride made his home in the county, and on a farm near Houston, Emmett Kelly, creator of the famed circus clown, "Weary Willie," spent his boyhood.
Wisconsin's Tobacco Land WI109
Wisconsin's first commercial tobacco was raised in Dane and Rock counties by cousins Orrin and Ralph Pomeroy in 1854. Grown as a cash crop to supplement dairy income, Wisconsin tobacco is used as a binder in making cigars. Because of the large amount of hand labor, the areas planted are small, usually two to five acres. In late April the seed is sown in the steam-sterilized soil of long white muslin-covered seedbeds, and transplanting to the field is done by machine in June. The plants are cut and speared on lath in August and are hung in the long unpainted sheds to cure for two to three months. "Case Weather" (fog or rain) in late fall conditions the leaf so that it can be stripped from the stalks and bailed for market. About 100 miles to the northwest, in Vernon and surrounding counties, tobacco production began in the 1880's and is an important crop today.
First State Fair, October 1-2, 1851 WI20
Thirteen counties were represented here at the first state fair sponsored by the Wisconsin State Agricultural Society. Entries included horses, cattle, sheep, swine, farming implements, dairy products, flour and corn meal, domestic manufactures, needle work, fruits, vegetables and flowers. Highlights of the occasion were the plowing matches and an address by John W. Lathrop, Chancellor of the University of Wisconsin. The fairgrounds contained 6 acres and about 10,000 people attended.
Brigham Park WI18
Ebenezer Brigham (1789-1861), first permanent white settler of Dane County, came here as a prospector in 1828. The inn he built for his miners became popular with travelers on the old Military Road, and Blue Mounds became a well-know landmark. Ebenezer Brigham was a colonel in the Black Hawk War and was prominent in Wisconsin's territorial affairs and early statehood. Charles Brigham came to Blue Mounds in 1886. He became a leader in Dairying and soil conservation, and in the religious, cultural and political activities of the area. This park, given to Dane County by the Brigham family, is dedicated to the memory of Charles Ilsley Brigham and Col. Ebenezer Brigham.
Osage County MO62
Named for the river on its west border, Osage County was organized, 1841. A seat of justice was centrally located the next year and named Linnville, later Linn, for Lewis F. Linn, Missouri's "Model Senator." J.W. Robinson gave land for the site. The Osage County area was first settled by French Canadians around 1805 before the Osage (French name for Wazhazhe Indians) ceded claims to the region, 1808. Their settlement, French Village, was near the confluence of the Osage and Missouri Rivers. American pioneers were in Osage County by 1820 and the 1830's and 1840's brought a large German immigration. Westphalia, on a hill above Maries Creek, was founded by Westphalians, 1835. First German settlement in the country, it was partially laid out, 1838, by Father Helias, Jesuit missionary to central Missouri, who had headquarters there for a time. The St. Joseph's Catholic Church in Westphalia was built, 1848. Two more German settlements were made in the county by 1845; one at Rich Fountain by Bavarians, another at Loose Creek by Rhinelanders. Osage County, with fine valley farms, impressive Roman Catholic Churches, high wooded bluffs, lies in the Ozark foothills. Encompassing the rugged plateau between Osage and Gasconade rivers, the county is a grain, poultry, and dairy farming area with timber, clay, and limestone resources. By 1855 the Pacific Railroad (Mo.Pac.) ran along the Missouri in northern Osage County. Along the route is Bonnots Mill (first called Dauphine), laid out by Felix Bonnot, 1852, near the site of old French Village. Also on the route is Chamois, first settled 1818. Named by Morgan Harbor, it was laid out by J.M. Shobe, 1856. Other towns founded in mid-1800's are Cooper Hill, Hope, and Koeltztown. On the Chicago, Rock Is., & Pac., built in 1904 in south Osage County, are Freeburg, Argyle, and Meta. Folk and Freedom date from late 1800's. History of German Catholic settlement in the county is told in manuscripts of Father Helias in Archives of Saint Louis Archdiocese. Nicholas Hesse, who lived in Westphalia, 1835-37, wrote of the pioneer period in his book "Western North America." Display # 11 - 20 of 86 |