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Atoms For Peace-Arco ID1
An important page in atomic history was written here on July 17, 1955 when the lights of Arco were successfully powered from atomic energy. Chosen by the Atomic Energy Commission as an experiment in the peaceful use of atomic power, Arco, Idaho became the first town in the free world to be served by electrical energy developed from the atom. The energy for this experiment was produced at the National Reactor Testing Station in the Arco desert southeast of here. * * * * * Near the crossroads of 152, 20,26, and 93, at Bottolfsen Park.
Corporal Guided Missile IL547
CORPORAL GUIDED MISSILE
B Reactor WA13
In early 1943 during World War II. the United States Army hurriedly acquired over 600 Square miles of land around the farming villages of White Bluff's and Hanford. Former residents, including Native Americans whose ancestors had traditionally fished and hunted here, were barred from entering the site. Complete secrecy surrounded the newly established Hanford Engineer Works. In the months that followed, nearly 60,000 workers built a complex of facilities that included the world's first large-scale nuclear reactor--the B Reactor. the Hanford Engineer Works was part of the top-secret Manhattan Project, a vast effort to design and manufacture the world's first atomic bomb. The B Reactor produced plutonium used for the first atomic explosion on July 16, 1945, at Alamogordo, New Mexico, and for the bomb dropped the next month on Nagasaki. The Second World War ended day's later, with Japan's surrender. I n 1968, the B Reactor ceased operation. Now. the U.S. Department of Energy is managing an extensive cleanup and disposal effort air the radioactive by-products at the Hanford Site.
Historic Elms in America MO339
"If you want to be recalled for something that you do, you will be well-advised to do it under an Elm -- a great Elm, for such a tree outlives the generations of men, the burning issues of today are the ashes of tomorrow, but a noble Elm is a verity that does not change with time. And though they are mortal, great ones are remembered long after they are gone, as are great men."
General George Washington is reputed to have taken command of the Continental Army beneath an elm in 1775 Boston's original Liberty Tree was a magnificent elm which was chopped down and burned by the British the following year. William Penn, for whom Pennsylvania is named, signed an unusual, fair-dealing treaty with Indians beneath a giant elm. The Osage Indians and Oklahoma sold the oil leases on their reservation beneath a tree dubbed the Million-dollar Elm. The Scientist's Council Tree in Chicago is an elm tree beneath which physicists at the University of Chicago met to discuss experiments in 1943, which lead to the building of the atomic bomb. "Thoreau considered elms superior to people; Walt Whitman, walking under elms, was inspired with 'large and melodious thoughts.'"
World War II IL285
WORLD WAR II
War began in 1939 between the Axis (Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy) and the Allies (France, Britain, and others). In 1940-41, German forces conquered most of Europe and North Africa and invaded Russia. Japan joined the Axis and attacked the US at Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941. For three years the war raged throughout the world. On D-Day, June 6, 1944 Allied forces landed at Normandy and drove across France into Germany. With Russian troops closing in from the east, Germany surrendered on VE Day, May 7, 1945. Allied forces in the Pacific mounted an island-hoping campaign brought them close to the Japanese homeland. US bombers dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and Japan surrendered on Sept. 2, 1945.
Wisconsin's First Nuclear-Fueled Electric Generating Plant WI223
Dairyland Power Cooperative in April of 1961 was designated by the Joint Congressional Atomic Energy Commission as eligible to construct and operate a nuclear-fueled electric powner plant as a research and development pilot installation. On June 8, 1962, the Atomic Energy Commission entered into a contract with the Allis-Chalmers Company of Milwaukee for the fabrication of a 50-megawatt facility, now identified as the La Crosse Boiling Water Reactor (LACBWR), and with Dairyland Power Cooperative for its eventual operation. Construction began in May of 1963. On July 11, 1967, at 7:39 in the evening, the reactor achieved its first self-sustaining chain reaction, which ushered Wisconsin into the nuclear age. Operation at full power level was attained on August 1, 1969. After several modifications and numerous tests, it was declared operational for commercial use on February 1, 1971, with a firm capacity of 50 megawatts. Dairyland Power Cooperative acquired full ownership of this nuclear-fueled electric generating facility by its purchase from the Atomic Energy Commission in August of 1973.
Operation Long Horn TX3883
The close of World War II brought new tensions to America that led to the Cold War. Under fear of communism and nuclear assault, the U.S. Army and Air Force simulated a war in one of the largest maneuvers ever to be staged on American soil. Called Operation Long Horn, the simulation included thwarting an invasion and recovering from an atomic attack. To carry out the mock war, which began in late March 1952, ranchers between Waco and San Angelo signed easements to their land. Several Lometa-area ranches became sites of battles and campgrounds as more than 115,000 troops came to Texas for maneuvers. The town's population grew from 900 to 22,000, and the troops and supporting civilian staff members faced life in a small town. Local residents cooperated and participated by rationing and trading with troops, offering facilities for a mock U.S.O.(United Service Organizations) facility and attending programs and presentations given by soldiers. Such programs included an airdrop of 2,500 troops, as well as weapons, equipment and rations, in a training maneuver that pitted the 31st Infantry, 47th Infantry, and 1st Armored Division against the 82nd Airborne Division out of Fort Bragg, North Carolina. In a nationally publicized event, aggressor forces captured and occupied Lampasas (17 mi.SE), establishing mock control of media and setting curfews. The city was liberated near the end of the simulation on April 9, 1952. The $3,300,000 exercise left local residents with damaged ranch land, outbuildings, fences and gates, as well as spooked livestock, but also gave them an opportunity to experience war in their own community.
Rattlesnake Bomber Base TX4204
Nicknamed for the numerous rattlesnake dens that were uncovered during its construction, Pyote Army Air Base was established in 1942 to train replacement crews for bombers during World War II. Located on 2,700 acres of University of Texas land, the base consisted of two 8,400-foot runways, five large hangars, and hundreds of buildings used to house 3,000 to 4,000 soldiers an 2,000 civilians. On Jan. 1, 1943, the 19th Bombardment Group (later known as the 19th Combat Crew training B-17 bomber crews. Pyote came to be highly regarded as a top training field, and its crews set many new records for flying hours. This reputation continued after the transition to B-29s was made in July 1944. During the post-war years, the base served as a storage facility, at one time housing as many as 2,000 aircraft, including the "Enola Gay", the plane that dropped the first atomic bomb. Pyote also was used for a short time as a radar station, but by 1966 it was no longer economical to maintain such a large base for so small an operation, and the facility was closed.
Beaver County PA111
Formed March 12, 1800 from Washington and Allegheny counties. The county seat, Beaver, was laid out 1792-93. County's waterways have spurred its industrial growth. At Shippingport was the world's first full-scale atomic power station devoted to civilian needs.
Oak Ridge 1D23
In 1943, Oak Ridge was created as the residential center for the Clinton Engineering Works. Located on the northeast comer of a 59,000-acre reservation acquired by the government in 1942, the community was designed by Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill, Architects. In 1945, Oak Ridge reached a peak population of 75,000. On January I, 1947, the Atomic Energy Commission assumed control of the community. In 1959, Oak Ridge became an incorporated municipality. Display # 1 - 10 of 14 |