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Blockhouses IL290
Migration into Illinois began with the French from 1690 and reached its' peak about 1750 mostly along the Mississippi. English settlement began in earnest in 1790 but these settlements had important differences in the way they began. The French looked upon their efforts as merchants and Missionaries with farming supplementing the need for trade, mostly along a river-not inland. The result had a mutual benefit for both. The American migration followed treaty settlements which resulted in large parcels being distributed through English Law ignoring previous rights. Encroachment thus ensued and a great deal of hard feelings between the Indians and settlers who seemed to lay out their settlements on the interior (where the game was) and along migration routes. Many Indians allied with the British to resists the settlements although it must be said that trade with the Americans was an important reason why peace was made with tribes. The War of 1812, and the Blackhawk War was largely conflicts brought on by the American immigration and conflict between the British and American ideas. Because of the brutality of the type of warfare, fear of attack upon isolated farmsteads became a part of the thinking of the settlers strategy. Indian populations were never very large, and it wasn't long before settlers outnumbered indigenous people, so blockhouses never lasted long and were only used for a short period of time, however, it is incorrect to picture a pioneer village without a blockhouse, because it was very important element in their settlement. Settlement strategy seemed to be to move across the Ohio River and follow a route to a place they liked and make a claim, or grant based on service in the Revolutionary War. A church, with several families could locate in an area and build a blockhouse. It could then be used as a church and a fort in the event that hostilities were imminent. The fort, could be built with palisades or it could be a stand alone building. usually, the blockhouse was two stories, with either squared off or rounded logs, and reinforced door and windows. The reason for the overhang was to discourage the attackers from climbing onto the roof which was very vulnerable. Blockhouses in Saline County were very numerous, particularly along the Kaskaskia and the Goshen Trails and other migration routes. Hankerson Rudes blockhouses near Rudement still has the old cemetery, with other location being Raleigh/Galatia, Battleford, and near to the Wolf Creek Church in Eldorado.
History of St. Charles - 1769 MO162
1769................... Les Petites Côtes, River Gateway Springboard to the frontier 1821, First Missouri State Capitol
Home of David McNair MO147
DAVID McNAIR BUILT IN 1807 Brother of Alexander McNair - first governor of Missouri, operated & owned the "Lime Kiln" in the 1100 block of So. Main around 1800 - he built the first ice house & boat landing at Ft. Water St. [This home was built by David McNair in 1807. David McNair came to St. Charles from Pennsylvania in 1800. That year he built a stone circular lime kiln on S. Main St. He owned a large tanyard in 1807 near his home. He built the first Ice-house in St. Charles where all the people could store their food free of charge. He served as Second Lt. in the War of 1812. After the war he bought a ferry and was granted permission to repair the best boat landing that had a rock ledge which was at the foot of his home property. This boat landing is the place where on May 16-21 in 1804 the Lewis and Clark Expedition stayed, making final preparations for their expedition to explore the Louisiana Territory and map an overland route to the Pacific Ocean.]
Captain James Callaway Memorial MO140
Side 1: CALLAWAY The man after whom Callaway County was named. WAS BORN in Boonesburough, KY. on Sept. 13th 1783 He was the grandson of Daniel Boone. His mother's maiden name was Jemima Boone. He was a brave and successful Indian fighter and was KILLED in battle with the Indians on the 7th of March, 1815 of CAPTAIN JAMES CALLAWAY, who sacrificed his life in the defense of his country, and who fell in the same battle in which McMullin, McDermid and Houchins were killed. Side 3: CALLAWAY, Raised and commanded a Company of one hundred Rangers during the War of 1812-14. He is said to have fought the Indians in more than 100 engage- ments and was finally killed in the last day of the War. He was shot by an Indian from ambush as he was swimming in Loutre Creek his body was afterwards re- covered by the Rangers and buried on the hillside overlooking Loutre at the mouth of Prairie Fork Creek.
Fulton MO128
Fulton was founded here in the Little Dixie Region of Missouri, 1825, to replace the poorly located Elizabeth as seat of Callaway County. Named for a grandson of Daniel Boone and War of 1812 Ranger, Capt. James Callaway, the county was organized, 1820. The town name honors Robert Fulton. Callaway County is popularly called the Kingdom of Callaway in memory of a War Between the States incident in 1861 when "Col." Jefferson Franklin Jones, leading a civilian army of Callaway men, negotiated with Union Gen. John B. Henderson and got him to agree not to invade Callaway if Jones disbanded his men. Later Fulton was often occupied by Union Troops. Here is the Missouri School for the Deaf, first such school west of the Mississippi, founded in 1851; Presbyterian Westminster College for men, founded 1851, chartered, 1853; and a Christian Church junior college for women, William Woods, founded, 1869, at Camden Point, moved here, 1890. State Hospital No.1 for mentally ill, chartered, 1847, opened here, 1851, is one of the first three such hospitals west of the Mississippi. Fulton is the capital of the Kingdom of Callaway, a county early noted for its fine horses and its pioneering in development of the famous Missouri mule. South, on the Missouri River, is the site of Cote sans Dessein (hill without design). A French trading post, and first settlement in the county, 1808, it was the scene of an Indian attack in the War of 1812. In 1821, Cote sans Dessein was the first place considered for the Missouri state capital, but faulty land titles stood in the way. Here at Westminster College a plaque marks the site where the phrase "Iron Curtain" was first used in a 1946 speech by English wartime Prime Minister Winston Churchill. Also of interest area museum collection at William Woods College, and, in town, a statue of Capt. James Callaway. William D. Kerr (1808-89), was first head of School for the Deaf, and Dr. Turner R.H. Smith (1820-85), of Hospital No.1. here lived novelists Nathan C. Kouns (1833-90); G.W. Hamilton (1845-1909); Caroline A. Stanley (1849-1919); Henry Bellamann (1882-1945).
Roi-Porlier-Tank Cottage WI148
This house of wattled construction is the oldest standing house in Wisconsin. It was built in 1776 by fur-trader Joseph Roi, one of the first seven settlers of La Baye (Green Bay). It was sold in 1805 to Jacques Porlier, another French-Canadian fur-trader. Porlier was appointed captain of the Militia by the British Government during the War of 1812, and his home became the center of military arrangements. In 1850 Niels Otto Tank, wealthy Norwegian missionary, obtained the house when he purchased several hundred acres of land, hoping to establish a Moravian colony for Norwegian immigrants, Tank died in 1864 and his wife lived in the cottage until her death in 1891, devoting her life and fortune to missionary work. In 1908 the house was moved from its original site on the Fox River to Tank Park, which Mme Tank had presented to the city in 1880 in memory of her husband. The house is furnished mostly with authentic Tank pieces, many of them dating back centuries to Mme. Tank's famous Dutch ancestors.
Fort Tar VA1698
This is the site of Fort Tar, built to guard the approach to the city from the west. Situated on the outskirts of Norfolk, near Armistead’s Bridge, which spanned Glebe Creek near by, it served with Forts Barbour, Norfolk, and Nelson to protect Norfolk and Portsmouth from invasion by the British in the War of 1812.
Old Point Comfort Light W93
The lighthouse, built in 1802, is the oldest standing structure at Fort Monroe. It remains an active navigational aid, the property of the U.S. Coast Guard. During the War of 1812, the tower was used as a lookout by a British invasion force while they attacked Washington. The adjacent house was the lightkeepers’ quarters until the light was automated in 1973 when the house became Army property.
Louisiana MO84
Louisiana, early Mississippi River port, known for the Delicious apple developed here and grown throughout the world, was settled, 1817,when John Bryson pre-empted land near the confluence of the river and Noix Creek. A year later Samuel Caldwell and Joel Shaw from Kentucky founded the town on land bought from Bryson. The pioneer Stark cabin was moved here from the nearby hills, restored, and opened as a museum, 1952, to honor Horticulturist James Hart Stark who built the cabin. The orchard he planted, 1816, with grafted scions brought from the family's Kentucky orchard, considered the first of grafted apple trees west of the Alleghenies, has become known under his descendants as one of the oldest and larges commercial nurseries in the world. Here are carried on many of Luther Burbank's experiments. The Stark Nursery obtained first patent granted a fruit, 1934. Settlers were in the general vicinity of Louisiana as early as 1810, and some 2 miles southeast a D.A.R. monument marks the site of Buffalo Fort where 25 families took refuge during the War of 1812.Prominent supply stop for pioneers to the Salt River Country, the city flourished as a river port until the coming of the railroads. Louisiana early became a trade and industrial center. Laid out the year Pike Co. was organized, the town served as county seat until 1824. Centrally located Bowling Green succeeded as county seat. The slang term "Pike" or "Piker" derives from this county and came into use to identify natives of the region who joined the '49 Gold Rush. The county is named for Explorer Zebulon M. Pike. Here lived Lloyd C. Stark, Governor of Missouri, 1937-1941. John B. Henderson (1826-1913), U.S. Senator, promoter of the 13th and 15th Constitutional Amendments, had law offices here. Champ Clark (1850-1921), Speaker of U. S. House of Representatives, had law offices and taught here before making his home in nearby Bowling Green. Scientist R.R. Rowley (1854-1935) taught here. The third Missouri railroad bridge across the Mississippi opened here, 1873. Champ Clark Highway Bridge was dedicated, 1928.
Bowling Green MO76
Bowling Green, the capital of Pike County, lies 12 miles in from the Mississippi River on a rolling plain, 880 feet above sea level. First pioneer here, John W. Basye, came in 1820 and by 1823 the settlement, named for Bowling Green, Kentucky, succeeded Louisiana as the Pike County seat of justice. Here on the pioneer Salt River Trail, the town made a steady growth. Early schools were Pike Academy, 1837; Isaac W. Basye's Normal School, 1867; and J.D. Meriwether's Bowling Green College, 1881. The Chicago and Alton R.R.(G.M.& O.) was completed in 1871 and the St. Louis and Hannibal in 1876. Limestone quarries were opened in the late 1800's. Near here, the first Presbytery of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church west of the Mississippi was organized in 1820. When the county, named for the explorer Zebulon M. Pike, was organized in 1818, it included all of Missouri's Upper Salt River Country from which have come 9 whole counties and parts of 6 others. Many Pike Countians joined the 1849 Gold Rush, and the ballads "Joe Bowers" and "Sweet Betsy from Pike" are associated with this county. Bowling Green serves as seat of a grain, livestock, and fruit farming county here in the Glacial Plains Region of Missouri. Sac and Fox Indians ceded claims to the area in 1804 and again in 1824. During the War of 1812, a number of settlers who came to the county from Ky, N.C., and S.C. as early as 1808 found protection in Buffalo Fort near Louisiana. In the Civil War, the only action in the county was at nearby Ashley, 1862, when some 30 Union troops held the town against a raid by 150 Confederates. In 1861, 8 companies of Union troops trained here. Bowling Green was the home of famed Congressman, Speaker of the House, James Beauchamp (Champ) Clark (1850-1921). His son, Bennett Champ Clark (1890-1954), U.S. Senator, was born here, and here also were born diplomat John F. Swift (1829-1891), and Admiral W.R. Purnell (1886-1955). Elliot W. Major, 33rd governor of Mo. lived here. Points of interest here include the state statue of Champ Clark by F.C. Hibbard; the Clark House known as Honey Shuck; the J.W. Basye and Purnell Houses; and Purnell memorial plaque at the courthouse. Display # 31 - 40 of 191 |