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Shawnee Indians Town Ford MO658
Where the Shawnee Indians lived C.A. 1790-1850 Map in courthouse lobby
The Old Zimmerman Home TX11904
Edward E. Zimmerman came to Texas, 1844, from Germany; settled here, 1854, with wife Regina Reinhard. They had 5 children. Zimmerman built this early Texas farmhouse, 1861, of hand-hewn cream colored rock from nearby hills; lumber from Bull Creek Mills. One of first residences on route of Shawnee Trail (used by traders, immigrants, indians, and famous as a cattle trail in 1850's and 1860's). Regina once shot a bear at back door.
The Goshen Road at Carlyle IL517
Wandering Indian tribes learned to follow these old buffalo "traces" which made easier routes to cross the tall (often 7 ft.) thick prairie grasses in search of game. In later years, western settlers traveled these dusty Indian footpaths across Illinois. These paths were eventually widened into trails by the constant turning of countless wagon wheels. The wagon trail soon came to be known as "The Goshen Road" as it led from the Shawneetown salt works near the Ohio River to the Goshen settlement (near Edwardsville) in the American Bottoms on the Mississippi River. In 1811, John Hill settled near this ford and built a block house in which to protect his family from rampaging Indians. He began a small ferrying service at the ford.
Maries County MO493
Maries County, in the central Ozarks of Missouri, was organized in 1855 and named for the Big and Little Maries Rivers. The area, in territory ceded by Osage Indians in 1808, was roamed by French trappers who early named the Gasconade, Bourbeuse, and Maries, the county's rivers. Pioneers from the South and other parts of Missouri came in the 1820's, and in the 1850's brought a large German immigration and a number of Irish. Vienna, the county seat, was laid out on the watershed divide between the Osage and Gasconade in 1855 by Reuben Terrill on 70 acres donated by William Shockley. The town is said to be named Vienna as a compromise resulting from county Judge V.G. Latham's wanting it named "Vie Anna" in memory of a relative. The courthouse, the county's third, was built in 1943. In Vienna are the Old Jail and Felker Log House Museums of pioneer relics. The gable-roofed, limestone jail was built in 1858, by a Mr. Barnhart at the cost of $2,500. The Felker Log House, built 1855 by John Felker, native of Hanover, Germany, was moved near the jail in 1959. Maries County, encompassing 526 square miles of wooded hills, fertile valley, and tableland prairies, lies in a general farming area. In the Civil War, the county saw little action, but Vienna was occupied as a minor Union post. After the was, lead was mined briefly in the 1870's and zinc in the 1880's. Belle, the county's largest town, grew up along the route of the Chicago, Rock Is., & Pac. R.R., built through a small portion of north Maries County, 1904. Among other communities are High Gate, Safe, Hayden, Brinktown, and Vichy, laid out 1880 near mineral spring, an early noted health spa. Prehistoric Indian mounds and artifacts have been found along the county's rivers, and an ancient Indian trail in the county later became a road between St. Louis and Springfield. In the 1820's, Shawnee and Delaware Indians had a village at Indian Ford on the Gasconade River. An Indian pictograph of a deer remains on a bluff above the Gasconade near Paydown Spring. The spring, with a measured 11,600,000 gals. daily flow from several gravel beds, is the site of early grist mills and a wooden mill.
Vincennes Tract IL460
The western boundary of the Vincennes Tract passed through this point. The line extended South - Southwest thirty-nine miles from present-day Crawford through Lawrence, Wabash, and Edwards Counties in Illinois. The Vincennes Tract was seventy-two miles wide, about six-sevenths of it lay in Indiana. The Illinois portion was the first parcel of land in the Illinois Country ceded by Indians. The land was ceded in the Treaty of Greenville, August 3, 1795, and confirmed in a treaty at Fort Wayne, June 77, 1803. Acting for the United States, William Henry Harrison, Governor of Indiana Territory, negotiated the 1803 treaty with the Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River, Wea, Kickapoo, Piankashaw, and Kaskaskia Tribes. Illinois was then a part of Indiana Territory.
Carter's Store TN7
One mile west is the site of the store established by John Carter and William Parker. This store was pillaged in the Shawnee raid in 1774; at the Sycamore Shoals Treaty in 1775, the proprietors were awarded the whole Carter's Valley as reparation.
Audley Paul's Fort A48
Nearby stood Capt. Audley Paul’s fort, built in 1757 during the French and Indian War (1754-1763) as on in a series of fortifications to protect Virginia’s frontier. Paul served as a lieutenant in Maj. Gen. Edward Braddock’s ill-fated expedition against the French at Fort Duquesne in 1755. He soon joined Col. William Preston’s ranger company as first lieutenant and served in the 1756 expedition against the Shawnee at Sand Creek. In 1761 Paul’s fort sheltered settlers fleeing their homesteads in anticipation of Indian attacks. Paul later served in Dunmore’s War and fought in the Battle of Point Pleasant, 10 Oct. 1774.
Goshen Road IL409
This road was a main route of travel after 1808. It ran in a northwesterly direction from Shawneetown via the U.S. Salines (Salt Works) to near Edwardsville. Most of the settlements were along the Goshen Road which crosses Illinois Highway 14 at this point in Hamilton County.
The Life of Daniel Boone - Part II MO416
Life of Daniel Boone {continued from Part I} In 1782, while Daniel and Boone's second son, Israel, took part in the Battle of Blue Lick against the Shawnee Indians in eastern Kentucky, Israel was killed. Daniel also took part in a number of other Indian skirmishes and campaigns during this period. The following year Daniel was appointed to the highest position in Fayette County, County Lieutenant (in charge of a whole county, both civil and military). Several years later he and Rebecca moved to the town of Limestone in northeastern Kentucky where they operated an inn, and where Daniel was elected to the Virginia legislature for a second time. Several years later he moved to the Kanawha Valley of present West Virginia, where he was elected in 1791 to the Virginia Legislature for the third time. He was also appointed Lt. Colonel of the Kanawha County militia. During this time Daniel rescued six year old Chloe Flinn from an Indian village. In the mid-1790s the Boones moved back to Kentucky. Daniel Morgan Boone, the oldest living son, began exploring in Spanish Louisiana (today's Missouri) where he obtained a Spanish Land Grant in 1797. The next year the Spanish Lt. Governor sent a letter via Daniel Morgan Boone, asking Daniel to move from Kentucky to become the head of a colony of emigrants in Spanish Louisiana. The invitation was accepted in 1799, and the Boone family left Kentucky, the men going overland with the animals, and the women going by boat down the Ohio River and up the Mississippi River. They arrived in Spanish Upper Louisiana (Missouri) in October, and settled along the Missouri River and nearby Femme Osage Creek, being the westernmost settlement of Americans (temporarily as Spanish subjects) west of the Mississippi River. In 1806 Daniel was appointed the Commandant of the Spanish Femme Osage District, making him civil administrator, military leader, and judge. Rebeccca passed away in 1813, after becoming ill while making sugar maple at their daughters Jemima Callaway's place, near present day Marthasville. In 1820 Daniel became ill and passed away at the home of his son Nathan. And was buried next to his wife at the Bryan Farm Cemetery. Daniel had lived in Missouri 21 years, longer than the time spent in any other of the present states. He never returned to Kentucky to visit as sometimes stated. Missouri was his chosen home.
The Life of Daniel Boone - Part I MO415
LIFE OF DANIEL BOONE Daniel Boone was born six miles east of present Reading, in the colony of Pennsylvania, on October 22 (by the Julian Calender), and November 2nd (New Gregorian calender), 1734. He was the 6th of 10 children of Squire and Sarah (Morgan) Boone. He learned how to hunt and became an excellent marksman at a very early age. He also lived near Indians and learned their ways and how to survive in the wilderness. In 1750 when Daniel was 15 years old his family left Pennsylvania, going down through the Shenandoah in Virginia, to settle near the forks of the Yadkin River in North Carolina. The French and Indian War started in 1754, and the next year, Daniel became a wagon driver during General Edward Braddock's ill-fated campaign against the French. In 1756 Daniel married 17 year old Rebecca Bryan. During their marriage they would have ten children. When Cherokee Indians attacked the settlements in the Yadkin River Valley in 1759, Daniel moved his family to the safety of Virginia. During the next couple of years Daniel took part in the frontier war against the Cherokee Indians, hunted some in Tennessee, and then returned with his family to North Carolina in 1762. Once back in North Carolina, Daniel explored and hunted in present Georgia, Florida, southwest Virginia and Kentucky. In 1769 he blazed the earliest known trail from North Carolina over the mountains to Tennessee. During this year he went into Kentucky with six other men. All of the men, except Daniel returned to North Carolina, after Daniel was captured twice and escaped and one of the other men was killed by Indians. Daniel remained and spent two years hunting and exploring. Following his return, Daniel, in 1773, with a group of families made a failed attempt at establishing the first white settlement in Kentucky. During this attempt, some of the group was ambushed by Indians and the Boone's oldest son James was killed. Only part way into Kentucky at the time, the party turned back to the safety of the settlements. Daniel was involved in Lord Dunmore's War in 1774, was commissioned as a Lieutenant, then a Captain. During the war he was put in charge of three forts in southwest Virginia along the Clinch River. In 1775, much of the area of present Kentucky was purchased from the Cherokee Indians by a group of North Carolina businessmen. They named the purchase area Transylvania, the 14th colony. Soon after the purchase, Daniel Boone led the cutting of Boone's Wilderness Trail from Tennessee into the center of Kentucky, where Fort Boonesborough was built and named in Daniel's honor. The Next year Daniel's daughter Jemima, and two other girls were captured by Indians. Daniel led the successful rescue effort. The following year he was wounded in an Indian attack, and during the next year Daniel was captured by Shawnee Indians, and taken to their villages in Ohio, where he was adopted as a son of a Shawnee War Chief. He escaped after five months. Soon after his escape the Indians attacked Fort Boonesborough, where Daniel played a main role in the successful defense. He was afterward raised in rank to Major, and within the next several years to Lieutenant Colonel, and then to full Colonel in the Virginia militia. During this time he was elected to the Virginia legislature. Captured by the British while in Virginia, and appointed to many Kentucky positions, including, Lt. Colonel, then Colonel of the county militias, Sheriff, Deputy Surveyor, Coroner, and Trustee for the earliest towns of Kentucky. Display # 1 - 10 of 99 |