Boyhood Home of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston K50
Born in Prince Edward Co., on 3 Feb. 1807, Joseph Eggleston Johnston, the son of Judge Peter Johnston, moved a mile north of here with his family in 1811. He attended Abingdon Male Academy and graduated from the U. S. Military Academy at West Point in 1829 with fellow Virginian Robert E. Lee. During the Civil War, he was the only officer to command both of the major Confederate armies, the Army of the Potomac (later the Army of Northern Virginia) in 1861-62 and the Army of Tennessee in 1863-1865; he surrendered at present-day Durham N.C., on 26 April 1865. He died on 21 March 1891 in Washington, D.C., and is buried in Green Mount Cemetery, Baltimore, Maryland

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Hazel Dell IL343
HAZEL DELL - 1866

Col. William H. Fulkerson
Farmstead
has been placed on the
NATIONAL REGISTER
OF HISTORIC PLACES
1866

The Fulkerson Mansion is rich in Civil War history and artifacts, it is completely furnished. The Fulkerson family moved here from Rogersville, Tennessee. Many famous visitors were welcome at the Fulkerson's, such as: Charles M. Russell, a nephew of William and Cornelia Fulkerson, who considered the farm as his boyhood home; and the James Gang, Jesse James, Frank James, Bob and Cole Younger, who camped by D'Arcy's Branch and who were provided supplies by the sympathetic Colonel. Colonel Fulkerson's rank was by appointment by Robert E. Lee, as he made Fulkerson commander of the 63rd Tennessee Regiment, and presented him with a magnificent horse, "Great Britain", that also saved the Colonel's life at Chickamauga.

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History of The Battle of Pilot Knob MO288

In the fall of 1864, Confederate armies east of the Mississippi River suffered an almost endless string of defeats. Ulysses S. Grant and the Army of the Potomic had trapped Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia in the trenches around Petersburg, Va., and Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman captured Atlanta on Sept. 2. However, Confederate Gen. Edmund Kirby Smith's army, encamped west of the Mississippi River, faced no immediate threat. In an attempt to relieve the increasing pressure on his fellow armies to the east, Smith sent a massive mounted raiding force far behind Federal lines into the state of Missouri.

Smith appointed Maj. Gen. Sterling Price, Missouri's most famous Confederate, to lead the raid. Price's goals were to divert Union troops from east of the Mississippi River, gather Confederate recruits, capture and destroy Union war materials and, if at all possible, capture St. Louis of Jefferson City. Price entered Missouri on Sept. 19, 1864, with an army of 12,000 men headed for St. Louis. This was the largest Confederate cavalry raid of the war.

While on route to the St. Louis area, Price decided to attack the weakly defended post of Fort Davidson at Pilot Knob. Fort Davidson was a small hexagonal earthwork fort defended by Gen. Thomas Ewing, jr. and his 1,450 Union soldiers. Capturing Fort Davidson would provide arms for Price's 3,000 unarmed soldiers, prevent Ewing's garrison from reinforcing St. Louis or Jefferson City, and provide combat experience for the nearly 6,000 untested Confederate draftees.

Price's leading regiments engaged Union pickets at 1 p.m. on Sept. 26, driving into the town of Ironton. As the rebel strength grew, the small Union force was pushed back toward the fort. During the night, the Confederate army camped south of the fort and prepared to strike the next day.

On the morning of Sept. 27, the Confederates attacked. Two Union regiments fell back from their advance line near Ironton and retreated to the slopes of Pilot Knob and Shepherd Mountains. As the rebels appeared between the two mountains, the siege guns of Fort Davidson opened fire.

The Confederates pressed the attack. Price and his commanders felt that one swift assault would overwhelm the fort. Confederate cannons on Shepherd Mountain fired on the fort as four brigades of Southern troops charged. Union troops still defending Pilot Knob Mountain were engulfed, while those on Shepherd Mountain safely retreated to the fort with the Confederate wave cresting behind them.

Unfortunately for the Confederates, the poor timing of the assaults allowed heavy fire from the garrison to be directed at each attacking brigade. Only one Confederate brigade reached the fort. It advanced one mile under murderous fire, halting only when it reached the fort's moat where Yankees threw hand grenades down on them. The assault was broken. The Confederates fell back to reorganize and prepare for a renewed attack the next day.

Ewing, low on ammunition for his cannons, knew his Union forces could not hold out a second day. He ordered Fort Davidson evacuated. The soldiers silently exited the fort at 2:30 a.m., traveling north past Confederate guards under cover of darkness. At 3:30 a.m., a small group of soldiers exploded the fort's powder magazine, destroying the fort's remaining supplies. Ewing escaped Price's pursuing columns, marching 67 miles to the hamlet of Leasburg. From Leasburg, Ewing headed to Rolla, freeing that city's garrison to reinforce Jefferson City.

The Confederates paid a heavy price during the battle of Pilot Knob. As many as 1,000 troops were killed or wounded, and more importantly, Gen. Price no longer posed a threat to St. Louis. The Union force suffered 200 casualties, with 28 killed.

The small Union cavalry unit, commanded by Capt. Wilson, the one engulfed on Pilots Knob, were taken prisoner by Col. Timothy Reeves. He held them until he marched them 90 miles to Franklin County where he executed them and left them on the ground in the open for animals to use.

Price continued his advance into Missouri following the battle. Eventually, he encountered two Union armies at the battle of Westport, near Kansas City. It was there, in the largest battle fought west of the Mississippi River, where he was defeated and forced to return to Confederate Arkansas.

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The Chancellorsville Campaign E118
While General Robert E. Lee engaged the Union army at Chancellorsville, Confederate Maj. Gen. Jubal A. Early confronted a smaller Union force led by Maj. Ge. John Sedgwick at Fredericksburg. On 3 May 1863, Sedgwick overran Early's lines at Marye's Heights, compelling Early to fall back to this point. When Sedgwick moved toward Chancellorsville, Early slipped in behind him, retaking Marye's Heights. Early and other Confederate troops then attacked Sedgwick on 4 May, forcing the Union general to retreat across the Rappahannock River at Scott's Ford.

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Lonstreet's Winter Headquarters E41
Following the Battle of Fredericksburg in Dec. 1862, Confederate Lt. Gen. James Longstreet established his headquarters in a tent near here. His command center was in close proximity to Generals Robert E. Lee and J.E.B. Stuart. Longstreet commanded the Army of Northern Virginia's First Corps, a force totaling approximately 40,000 men. In Feb. 1863 Longstreet left Fredericksburg with the divisions of Maj. Gens. George E. Pickett and John B. Hood to conduct an independent military operation near Suffolk. He rejoined the Army of Northern Virginia in May following the Battle of Chancellorsville.

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Emporia Railroad History UM44
The Petersburg Railroad was constructed in the early 1830’s between Petersburg, Virgina and Weldon, North Carolina, Through the towns of Belfield and Hickford (present-day Emporia). It is considered the first railroad in the South built in a north-south direction. During the Civil War, the railroad carried food and equipment to Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. A skirmish on 8 December 1864 destroyed the tracks here and temporarily disrupted Lee’s supply route. The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bought the Petersburg Railroad in 1893. In 1967, it was renamed the Seaboard Coast Line and in 1985 the CSX Railroad.

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Selden's Home VA1712
This house was built in 1807 as the country residence of Dr. William B. Selden. During the Federal occupation of Norfolk (1862-1865) it was seized and occupied as the headquarters of the Federal commanders. On his last visit to Norfolk, April, 1870, General Robert E. Lee was the guest here of his friend, Dr. William Selden, Surgeon, C.S.A.

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Lee's Quarters VA1692
Robert E. Lee, future confederate General, was stationed at Fort Monroe 1831-1834 as a Lieutenant of Engineers. He had almost complete charge of construction and put the finishing touches on the fort. Lee’s first child was born here in 1832.

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White's Ferry MD13
An old ferry and ford across the Potomac River often used during the war between the states by confederate forces under generals Robert E. Lee, Jubal Early, J.E.B Stuart and others during campaigns and raids in Maryland

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Oakwood Cemetery, Confederate Section SA64
After the First Battle of Manassas, Richmond appropriated this approximately 7.5-acre lot on 12 Aug. 1861 for the burial of Confederate War dead. These soldiers from every Southern state either died in Richmond’s military hospitals, such as Chimborazo, or were brought directly from local battlefields. Eventually they numbered about 17,200, including some 8,000 unknowns. The first recorded Memorial Day observance in Richmond occurred here on 10 May 1866, organized by the Ladies’ Memorial Association for Confederate Dead in Oakwood Cemetery. Robert E. Lee, invited to speak, declined but wrote, The graves of the Confederate dead will always be green in my memory, and their deeds will be hallowed in my recollection.

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