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Bethany Baptist Church TX5418
Bethany Baptist Church has played an important role as a spiritual and community leader in Houston. Though having strong connections with a separate Bethany Baptist Church founded in 1922, members organized this church as Houston Garden Baptist Church in 1935. It was structured by the Rev. Thomas W. White, the Rev. W.T. Turner and the Rev. M.M. Wolf. The Rev. Oscar E. Reifel served as its first pastor. The congregation erected a sanctuary in 1936, followed by a new house of worship in 1941. The church changed it name to Bethany Baptist in 1946. Members established the church in the Houston Gardens community. The federal government helped to create the neighborhood as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Resettlement Administration, which worked to resettle low-income rural families to urban areas. By the 1970s, demographics in the area changed from predominately Anglo American to African American. During that time, Bethany was the only one of four predominately black churches in the Union Baptist Association that began as an all-white congregation to survive the era of change without merging or facing foreclosure. Bethany Baptist Church became an example of positive, successful institutional integration when the Rev. Curley Edward Carr, an associate pastor, became the congregation’s first African American head pastor in 1971. Over the years, the Bethany Baptist congregation has experienced substantial growth and development. It continues to serve the surrounding area of northeast Houston as a spiritual, educational and community leader.
Civilian Conservation Corps Company 2896 TX6406
Soon after President Franklin D. Roosevelt took office in 1933, he established what would become the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), a New Deal program designed to address hardships during the Great Depression. In addition to providing wages, it trained young men in building trades and other skills through public improvement projects. It was administered jointly by the Army and select Federal agencies, such as the National Park Service. On July 10, 1935, Army Captain Tom B. Martin began supervising construction of facilities near this site for a local camp. Designated SP-55-TX, it began with several frame buildings, including barracks, a mess hall, a blacksmith shop, and a combination woodworking, repair and storage facility. About 200 recruits from Collin and Dallas counties soon arrived to begin their work, which included improvements to the lake, planting more than 1,500 trees, and the construction of trails, picnic grounds, shelters, latrines and a lily pond at the park. Enrollees also completed projects at Bachman Lake. Among their works here were buildings designed by local architect M.A. Burke at Doran’s Point, Big Thicket, Sunset Hill, Winfrey Point and Dixon’s Bay. Over a seven-year period, approximately 3,000 youths were assigned to the camp. In February 1942, after the U.S. entered World War II, the site transferred to the Army, which used it for induction and training. In 1944-45, the U.S. held approximately 300 German prisoners of war here. Later, Southern Methodist University used the site for student housing, but the buildings were soon sold or demolished. Today, evidence of the CCC’s work to build this park can still be found in the rustic design of its historical features. They serve as reminders of the lasting contributions of the New Deal agency.
Rockport School TX12153
Rockport School has served the town of Rockport for many years as both an educational and community institution. It dates to 1935, during the era of the Great Depression. One of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal programs to combat the Depression was the Federal Emergency Administration of Public Works, later the Public Works Administration (PWA), part of the National Industrial Recovery Act. Workers completed construction on the Rockport School, labeled Project Number 2813, under the PWA, and local bonds helped to subsidize the government project. The district had the structure built on the site of an earlier Rockport school, a wooden structure dating to 1892. When the new school opened, it housed eleven grades before adding the twelfth a few years later for full accreditation. Rockport School served the community for many years while undergoing several changes. After World War II, a former Army Air Forces building provided space for a gymnasium and classroom addition utilized until the late 1950s. After construction of a new high school in the city in 1953, district officials converted this building into an elementary school and renamed it Rockport Elementary. In 2005, after the school closed, it became a community center. This Zigzag Moderne building features a dramatic stylized sunburst over the entryway. Other features include a running course of brickwork detailing and symmetrical, regular massing.
Earl C. Smith IL487
AGRICULTURAL LEADER This was the home of distinguished agricultural leader Earl Clemmons Smith. Born in Pike County February 19, 1851. In 1907, Smith began farming his grandmother Clemmon's land at this site. Smith became active in the early National Farm Bureau movement as farmers organized to strengthen their political clout. He was a charter member and president of the Pike County Farm Bureau in 1926. Smith was elected president of the Illinois Agricultural Association - Illinois Farm Bureau - and served until 1945. Smith concurrently served as vice president of the American Farm Bureau Federation from 1936 to 1945. Nationally, Smith was active in the fight for "parity for agriculture," a goal that sought Government action to help farmers achieve income levels comparable to those earned from 1910-1914, a time of profitability for farmers. Smith's work brought relief to farmers through U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's first and second Agricultural Adjustment Acts. Under Smith's leadership the organization established businesses to help serve farmers: Growmark and the FS Member Companies, Prairie Farms Dairy, and Country Insurance and Financial Services, which today are among the largest and most successful businesses in Illinois. In retirement, Smith continued to farm in Pike County. He died on June 30, 1961. Earl C. Smith was a clear voice and a steady leader for agriculture. A pioneer who advanced the philosophy that farmers need to take action to protect their futures and cooperate with others to achieve success.
CCC - A Peace Corps MO195
During the 1930s, a depression slowly strangled the nation. By 1933, nearly 13 million people suffered unemployment. In March, newly elected president, Franklin D. Roosevelt responded with a bill creating the Civilian Conservation Corps. Its purpose - to provide work for needy young men while promoting conservation of America's resources. Within a few months, over 250,000 men enrolled. All Applicants Must Be... The promise of earning 30 dollars a month enticed many to join Roosevelt's peace-time army. The boys were required to send 25 dollars home -- so the CCC provided jobs for the young men as well as financial help for their families. The C's also offered a wide range of job skills including truck driving, construction, and forest management. Many men look back on their time in the C's as a turning point in their lives. Young men meeting the requirements for selection spent their first 2 to 3 weeks as enrollees in special conditioning and training camps run by the Army. At these basic training camps, boys underwent exams and conditioning, received necessary clothing and equipment, trained in conservation and forestry practices and enjoyed three square meals a day.
Civilian Conservation Corps Company 2363 E85
Here at Berea, during the Great Depression, was the site of Civilian Conservation Corps Company 2363. This camp, one of many in Virginia, was organized in 1935 and disbanded in 1940. During its existence, the company strung farm fences, planted trees, fought forest fires, and instructed farmers in the practice of soil conservation. The CCC, one of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal agencies, was created in 1933 to provide public service jobs for unemployed young men. Roosevelt later noted that the recruits grew with purpose and principle and predicted that they would serve their communities and country with distinction.
Claude A. Swanson L49
A native of Pittsylvania County, Claude Augustus Swanson (1862-1939), practiced law in Chatham until he won election to Congress in 1892. He served seven terms in the House of Representatives (1893-1906); was governor of Virginia (1906-1910) and United States senator (1910-1933); and served as secretary of the navy under President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933-1939). As governor, Swanson persuaded the General Assembly to reform the public school system, improve rural roads, and create the position of state health commissioner. His last home in the county was at nearby Eldon.
Janesville Tank Company WI298
During the 1930s, the Janesville National Guard armory was headquarters for the 32nd Tank Company, a unit of Wisconsin's famed 32nd Division, which had been reorganized after world War I and equipped with light tanks. In November 1940, as part of the mobilization ordered by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the unit was melded with three other Midwestern National Guard units and redesignated Company A of the 192nd Tank Battalion. Within a year, the Janesville tank company had been trained and dispatched to the Philippine Islands. Following the outbreak of war on December 7, 1941, members of Company A became the first of 330,000 Wisconsin residents to engage the enemy. During a harrowing four-month defense of the Bataan Peninsula, short of supplies and devoid of air cover, the Janesville tank unit fought bravely alongside other American and Filipino forces until surrendering on April 9, 1942. As prisoners of war, the Janesville men participated in the infamous Bataan Death March. Of the original ninety-nine members of the unit, only thirty-five survived imprisonment by the Japanese.
Rural Electrification WI153
This farm was the first in Wisconsin to obtain central station electric power from a rural electric cooperative. The farm home was constructed and wired for electric service by James Hanold in 1917. The Richland Cooperative Electric Association, incorporated January 8, 1936, energized the first section of its rural electric system built into this area and connected this farm to its lines on May 7, 1937. Loan funds, available to all electric power suppliers to aid in electrifying rural America, were obtained from the rural Electrification Administration, created by executive order of President Franklin D. Roosevelt on May 11, 1935, and continued as an agency of our federal government by Act of Congress, May 20, 1936.
Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy WI304
William Daniel Leahy was born in Iowa in 1875, and his family soon moved to Wisconsin. He graduated from Ashland High School in 1892 and for the rest of his life considered Ashland his home town. Leahy graduated from the Naval Academy and served in the Spanish-American War. He planned naval operations for u.s. interventions in Nicaragua 0912), Haiti 0916), and Mexico 0916). During World War I, he became friendly with Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Franklin D. Roosevelt. Leahy was made chief of the Bureau of Ordinance in 1927, rear admiral in 1930, and chief of naval operations in 1937. During the darkest hours of World War II in 1942, President Roosevelt appointed Leahy chief of staff to the commander- in-chief. Leahy's tact and resourcefulness made him a valuable aide in military and diplomatic undertakings, including the inter-Allied conferences at Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam. Admiral Leahy became the first American sailor, and the only Wisconsinite, to attain the five-star rank of Fleet Admiral. He died in 1959 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Display # 1 - 10 of 32 |