Solomon Osborne WV713
Solomon Osborne was born ca. 1814 on a Cherokee reservation in North Carolina. Served as a guard on the "Trail of Tears," and fell in love with Seaberry (Martha Arms), daughter of Chief Running Bear (Robert Arms). They escaped and were married in Tazewell County, Va. Later moved to current Wyoming and Clay counties. He died ca. 1884 and was the first interment in the Holcomb Cemetery.

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Thomas Smith WV772
Formerly a surveyor in Washington Co., Va., Smith was early settler on Horsepen Creek at mouth of Gilbert Creek. He served Revolutionary cause as a private in the Virginia militia unit organized for the 1776 punitive Cherokee Expedition under Col. William Christian's command. He was half brother to Valentine and Joe Hatfield, and progenitor of many southern West Va. families.

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Opening Of Cherokee Outlet KS137
At noon on September 16, 1893, more than 100,000 people lined the borders of the Cherokee Outlet listening for the pistol shots that started one of the world's greatest races. The prize was 8,000,000 acres of land: a quarter section or a town lot to every eligible settler who could stake a claim. For weeks 50,000 home seekers and speculators from all parts of the country had been gathering to make the run from this vicinity. Jockeying for position as noon approached were city cabs, bicycles, covered wagons, buggies, ox teams, Indian ponies and race horses. Thousands prepared to walk and other thousands filled the cars of special railroad trains. When the pistols were fired, the mad rush began along 400 miles of border. By nightfall the Outlet, which for centuries had been the home of the Indian, the coyote and the buffalo, was a settled land of town sites and homesteads.

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Chisholm Trail And Wheat Country KS63
This portion of the Plains - Indian country until about 1870 - is a center of Kansas agriculture and industry. Over the Chisholm trail, which ran a few miles west and roughly parallel to this Turnpike from the Oklahoma line to Wichita, a million head of Texas cattle were herded to Kansas railheads from 1867 to 1876. Caldwell, 37 miles southwest, rivaled Dodge City in cattle shipments and gun fights after the railroad reached there in 1880. Oklahoma "Boomers" camped in and around Wellington just before central Oklahoma was opened for white settlement in 1889. Again in 1893 when the Cherokee Outlet was opened, thousands waited near Arkansas City, South Haven, Hunnewell and Caldwell for the shot that sent them spilling into the promised land. Wellington is the seat of Sumner County, normally the banner wheat producer of Kansas. Winfield, 28 miles southeast, is a gateway to the great Bluestem pastures. North is Wichita - Kansas' largest city and "air capital of the world."

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The Trail of Tears 2E22
In the valley to the south, that part of the Cherokee Nation which took part in the enforced overland migration to Indian Territory rested for about three weeks in 1839. About 15,000 persons of various ages took part in the march. Several who died while here were buried in this area.

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Buchanan's Station 3A10
One of Cumberland settlements, established here in 1780. The fort was attacked Sept. 30, 1792, by about 300 Creeks and Lower Cherokees under Chiachattalla. Aided by the heroism and efficiency of Mrs. Buchanan and other women in the stockade, the attack was repulsed and Chiachattalla was killed.

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Battle of Island Flats 1A3
In the area to the S.W. was fought this first battle of the Revolution in the West, July 20, 1776. Colonial Militia, under Capt. James Thompson, defeated a force of Cherokee under Dragging Canoe, in a short bloody struggle. It was also the turning point in the settlers' warfare with the Cherokee, who were British allies.

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Avery Treaty 1A38
This treaty was consummated here on July 20, 1777, following Col. Christian's subjugation of the Cherokee, who ceded to the whites a broad domain for settlement. The NC and VA Commissioners, led by Waightstill Avery, and the Indian chiefs signed this pact which was soon violated by the settlers.

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Cherokee Church Holston Baptist Assocation 1A59
This Baptist church was organized the first Sunday in September, 1783. Here, the fourth Saturday in October, 1786, Holston Association was organized with Tidence Lane moderator and Wm. Murphy clerk. Seven churches were represented. This was the first Baptist Association in Tennessee.

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Jacob Brown 1A25
About one mile S.w., this pioneer from S.c. settled on Nolichucky River in 177!. Brown's purchase of 2 tracts of land from the Cherokee on March 25, 1775, was made beneath a great oak tree still standing nearby. His sandstone marker reads "Jacob Brown, d. Jan. 25, 1785." The brick house nearby was built by his grandson, Byrd Brown, about 1800.

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